Uluguru Mountains
Where culture and nature unite
The Uluguru Mountains are a stunning mountain range located in the Morogoro Region of Tanzania, East Africa. They are part of the Eastern Arc Mountains, a series of ancient mountain ranges known for their incredible biodiversity and unique ecosystems. The Uluguru Mountains stretch approximately 100 kilometers from East to West and are characterized by their lush green slopes, deep valleys, and scenic peaks.
The Uluguru Mountains are named after the Luguru tribe, also known as “Waluguru.” The Luguru are Bantu-speaking people who lived in the area for about 300 years. Unlike other tribes in Tanzania, the Luguru tribe is a matrilineal society. The female voice is powerful in Uluguru villages and female lines determine land ownership. The Uluguru Mountains has about 50 villages that touch the forest boundary and over 150,000 people dwell within the mountain area.
The highest peak in the Uluguru range is Lukwangule, located in Uluguru South, standing at an impressive height of 2,300 meters (7,545 feet) above sea level. Other notable peaks are Lupanga and Bondwa. The most accessible peak is Bondwa peak.
In the heart of these mountains, Choma village is accessible by foot if you can handle the 3-4 hour uphill trek from Morogoro Town. Or you can go faster by motorcycle; however we do not highly recommend going by motorcycle. At Choma a breathtaking waterfall welcomes you to the Uluguru Mountains where you can truly immerse yourself in Luguru culture. You can learn about Luguru history, participate in their traditional activities like mat weaving and pots making, dance with the locals, and take a cooking class and even homestay in a local house.
From Choma village, you can go up further to Morning side (The old German building) and Bondwa peak where you will pass through a jungle like and different farmlands like strawberries, cassava, banana and avocados. You will also enjoy epic views of the mountains as well as of Morogoro town, if the sky is clear. Expect lush protected rainforests soon after Morning side as you hike to Bondwa peak, the third highest peak of the Uluguru Mountains which is 2,080meters above sea level.
The Uluguru Mountains are renowned for their rich biodiversity and serve as a vital ecosystem for numerous plant and animal species. The mountain range is covered in dense forests that host a wide variety of endemic flora and fauna. The forests are home to several species of primates, including the Uluguru bush baby, black and white colobus monkey, and the rare and elusive Uluguru red colobus monkey. Birdwatchers are also in for a treat, as the mountains are a haven for a vast array of bird species.
The local communities residing in the foothills and slopes of the Uluguru Mountains have a deep connection with this natural wonder. The mountains provide fertile soil for agriculture, and many communities cultivate crops such as coffee, tea, bananas, and various vegetables. Traditional farming practices, such as terracing and agro forestry, are commonly used to conserve soil and maintain the ecological balance.
For adventurous travelers and nature enthusiasts, the Uluguru Mountains offer an abundance of trekking and hiking opportunities. There are several trails that lead through the mountains, allowing visitors to explore the diverse ecosystems, Luguru culture and witness breathtaking panoramic views. Hiking to the summit of Bondwa is a popular challenge for avid climbers and rewards them with magnificent vistas of the surrounding landscapes. Also, one can do short hike to Choma Village and if possible further to Morning side.
The Uluguru Mountains are of great interest to scientists and researchers due to their ecological significance. These mountains are recognized as a globally important biodiversity hotspot, hosting numerous endemic species and contributing to the preservation of the region’s unique flora and fauna. Efforts are being made to protect the natural habitats and promote sustainable development practices to ensure the long-term conservation of this precious ecosystem.
Uluguru mountains visit can be combined with a safari to Mikumi and/or Ruaha National Park.
